Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz
Umayyad caliph remembered for his justice and piety
عمر بن عبد العزيزPeople of History
Rulers and scholars, scientists and travellers, and women who changed the course of their age. Each is marked with an emblem, never a portrait. Their profiles are being written.
Those who governed, built and defended, across many centuries and lands.
Umayyad caliph remembered for his justice and piety
عمر بن عبد العزيزAbbasid caliph in Baghdad at the height of its golden age
هارون الرشيدFounder of the Ayyubid dynasty; retook Jerusalem in 1187
صلاح الدين الأيوبيRuler of the Mali Empire, famed for his Hajj of 1324
Ottoman sultan who conquered Constantinople in 1453
محمد الفاتحOttoman sultan, known as al-Qanuni, “the Lawgiver”
سليمان القانونيThe imams of law and hadith, and the thinkers whose books are still taught today.
Jurist of Kufah; the Hanafi school is named after him
أبو حنيفةScholar of Madinah and author of al-Muwatta
مالك بن أنسJurist who laid the foundations of usul al-fiqh
الشافعيScholar of hadith and compiler of the Musnad
أحمد بن حنبلCompiler of the Sahih al-Bukhari
البخاريTheologian and jurist; author of Ihya Ulum al-Din
الغزاليMathematics, medicine, optics and the study of history itself.
Mathematician whose book on al-jabr gave algebra its name
الخوارزميPhysician and philosopher; author of the Canon of Medicine
ابن سيناPioneer of optics and of testing ideas by experiment
ابن الهيثمSurgeon of Córdoba; author of the medical encyclopaedia al-Tasrif
الزهراويHistorian and author of the Muqaddimah
ابن خلدونFounders, benefactors and rulers whose work outlived them by centuries.
Founded the Qarawiyyin mosque in Fez in 859, later a famous seat of learning
فاطمة الفهريةAbbasid princess who funded wells along the Hajj road from Iraq to Makkah
زبيدة بنت جعفرRuled Egypt as sultan in 1250, at the start of the Mamluk age
شجر الدرThey crossed deserts and oceans, and wrote down what they saw.
Moroccan traveller who set out in 1325 and journeyed for nearly thirty years
ابن بطوطةAndalusian traveller who recorded his Hajj journey of 1183–1185
ابن جبيرChinese Muslim admiral who led great voyages across the Indian Ocean, 1405–1433
Why emblems, not portraits
Across Prophetic Footsteps, every person is marked with an eight-pointed star and an initial, coloured by their era. The story is told in their deeds and their words, not in an imagined face.